Nailing machine



April 2o, 1937. F, R. NEWELL 2,078,012

NAILING MACHINE Filed May 1o, 1955 Patented Apr. 20, 1937 UNITED y STATES PATENT oily-FICE 1Claim.

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a nail driving machine, adapted for use in holding a nail while it is being driven into wood or other suitable bodies.

It is an object of the present invention to provide in a nail driving machine of a driving element or plunger so arranged and constructed that it will serve to drive the nail into a body into which it is intended to be driven and will also, in its last movement, serve to counter-sink the nail.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a nail driving machine of this class of means for gripping and securely holding the nail as it is fed into the driving chamber prior to contact therewith by the driving plunger.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a nail driving machine of this class of a feeding machine in which the nails may be placed and from which they will be fed individually into the driving chamber.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a machine of this class of a driving plunger so constructed and arranged that, as it is driven downwardly for eiecting a driving of the nail into the body intended to receive the same, the driving plunger will be automatically locked in its various positions so that a rear movement of the same will be prevented.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means for releasing the locking mechanism as the driving plunger reaches the end of its movement so that the plunger may be freely returned to initial position.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a nail driving machine of this class of an engaging foot carried by the end of the driving chamber so that the machine will be maintained firm and at the proper angle, for driving nails into certain materials such as flooring, molding, and the like.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a machine of this class which will be simple in structure, economical of manufacture, durable, compact, light and highly eiiicient in use.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

'I'he invention will be best understood by a reference to the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this speciiication, and in which,

Fig. 1 is a central, vertical, sectional view of the invention.

Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line '4--4 of 5 Fig. 1. v

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a part of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the latch dog in released position. 10

l Fig. 7 is a. fragmentary sectional view showing a modified form of latch dog.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing la certain type of foot used on the driving chamber. l5

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view of a further modified form of engagement foot.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating means for adjusting the tension of the follower spring.

The invention embodies a tubular supporting body or handle forming member l5 having in one side, adjacent at one of its ends, the elongated slot i6. Inserted into the tube l5 from the lower end is an elongated body I 'l which may be termed 25 a driving chamber. lThis body has formed through it the central bore i8. Formed at one side of the body i1 so as to register with the slot i6, is a feeding slot i9. This body il is also cut away as at 20 on its opposite sides and spanning this cut away portion 20 are retaining springs 2i and 22 which, in the present form, are formed bow-shaped and secured at the opposite ends, but which need not be bow-shaped. These springs are merely adapted as retainers for grip- 35 ping and retaining a nail 23 in position. These nails .are fed through the opening i6 by means of the spring follower 24 which is mounted on the back 25 of the covering shell 26 which serves to embrace thefeeding magazine. This feeding 40 magazine embodies the oppositely disposed walls 21 and 28 'each of which is provided at its upper edge with the outwardly turned flange 29 and 30 respectively, this ange being engaged by the top 26 of the spring retainer. The walls 21 and 45 28 are spaced apart so that the nail head 3| will support the nail in the space 32 between the walls 21 and 28. The spring presser member 24 lies in this space 32 and serves to engage the endmost of the nails so as to press these nails forwardly into position between the retaining springs 2| and 22, the nails passing thereinto individually. The back plate 25 is secured at its upper end` to the cover 26 by welding or in any similar suitable manner. Y

Mounted on the upper end of the tube I5 is a head 33 having an opening 34 formed therein through which extends the bar 35 having ratchet teeth 36 formed on one face. Projecting from the lower end of the bar 35 is a driving plunger- 31 which extends through the end 36 of the driving chamber I1. Engaging at one end against the end 36 is a spring 39 the opposite end of which engages the collar 46 mounted on the end of the bar`35. The construction is such that as the bar 35 is driven downwardly the end of the driving plunger 31 will engage the nail which is suspended between the springs 2| and 22 and will force the same downwardly through the open end of the member I1. As this bar 35 is forced downwardly the ratchet dog 4| will serve to function to prevent the upward movement of the bar 35. 'I'his dog is provided with a latch nose 42 which is normally maintained in engagement with the face on which the teeth 36 are formed. It is so retained by means of the spring 43, one end of which is loose and engages against the stud 44, and the other end of which is angularly turned as at 45 and embedded in member 4I. Fixedly mounted onthe upper end of the bar 35, to provide a driving head, is a knob 45 which, when the nail is driven nearly to its termination, will serve to strike the upper end of the projection 41 of the dog 4| and as the last blow is struck on the head 46 the dog 4| will be moved downwardly into the position shown in Fig. 6 with the locking nose 46 engaging behind the shoulder 49 so that the ratchet dog 4| will be held in inoperative position as shown in Fig.

6. At the same time the end of theplunger 41v will project beyond the end of the member I1 and serve to counter-sink the nail. The spring 39v will then eil'ect a return of the bar 35 to its upward position and in this-movement the collar will strike the projection 56 and serve to force the dog 4I upwardly into the position shown in Fig. 1. When the plunger 31 moves to its upward position another nail will be forced inwardly into the driving chamber so that a nail will again be suspended between the springs 2| and 22 in .position to be driven.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a slightly modified form of locking dog. In this form the bar 35 is formed without the teeth 36 and engaging against one face of this bar is a cam plate 5| which is swingably mounted and normally maintained in engagement with the face of the bar 35 so that any return movement of the bar 35 tends to move the cam 5| towards center and thus the b'ar 35 is locked against return movement. As the bar 35 is driven downwardly the projection 52, whichV projects downwardly from the head 46, will engage the cam 5| and rock it on its pivot 53 so that a locking finger 54 engages behind the nose 55 of a pivotally mounted locking arm 56 which is normally maintained by the spring 51 in locking position. When the bar 35 moves upwardly, the 'members 54 and 55 will be disengaged through the operation of the collar 40 striking the end of the arm 55. The spring 58 serves to force the cam 5| toward operative position.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a foot formation mounted on the lower end of the member I1. This foot embodies a Z-shaped plate which may be threaded onto the member I1, one portion 59 of which would engage the upper surface of a floorl board 6I) and the other portion 5| of which would engage the tongue 62 at the proper angle for driv- Ing a nail into the board.

In Fig. 9 I have shown another form of foot 63 which is threaded onto the end of the driving chamber I1 and adapted to engage one face of a quarter round molding 64 and also engage the floor by means of the angle plate 66 to retain the driving chamber at the proper angle.

In use, the driving chamber I1 may be removed and replaced with other types or sizes, as these driving chambers are merely thrust, as a press fit, into the tube I6. 'I'he magazines may be fastened on the tube I5 in any desired manner. In the form shown (see Fig. 5) the feeding end of the magazine is provided with a tube portion 1I having a bayonet slot 12 cut therein and in which engages the pin 13 projecting outwardly from the tube I5. A spring arm 14 is secured at one end to the tubular sleeve and provided with an opening 15 in which the pin 13 may engage so as to thus lock the device in position.

The follower is secured in position on the magazine by means of the spring shoe 19 which has the up-turned end 6| engaging in an opening 62 formed in the bottom 63 of the magazine. This shoe 19 is formed from spring metal.

In Fig. 10 I have shown a means for adjusting the tension of the follower or spring 24. Projecting through the back 25 is an arm 64 which is normally pressed downwardly by the spring 65 so that the curved end 66 will engage the teeth 61 formed on the bai'I 66 mounted on the housingv wall 66 which is secured to the back plate 25'. By raising the member 64 the follower 24 may be thrust inwardly so as to increase its tension, the

inner end of the bar 64 being attached to the end of the spring follower 24.

' A rubber foot or plate 931s mounted on the end ofthe driving chamber I1 to prevent the end of the chamber I1 marring the body into which the nail is to bedriven.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of structure of my invention, I do not' wish to limit myself to the precise details of 4tubular -member and projecting through said passage; a spring for normally retaining the driving end of said plunger retracted toward the head bearing end of said tubular member; means for locking said plunger in its various positions of movement, upon movement of the same toward one end of said tubular member; a knob carried by said plunger engageable with sai d locking means upon movement of said plunger to a pre-determined distance relatively to said tubular member for moving said locking means into unlocking position; a shoulder on said head; a locking nose on said locking member movable into position behind said shoulder; and a collar on said plunger engageable -with said locking member upon retraction of said plunger within said tubular member for engaging said locking member and releasing the same for movement to locking position.

` FELIX R. NEWELL. 

